题目：

Graphene Nanobubbles: A New Optical Nonlinear Material

作者：

Qiaoliang Bao^{1, 2,}*, Jianqiang Chen^3,4,5, Yuanjiang Xiang¹, Kai Zhang¹, Shaojuan Li², Xiaofang Jiang¹, Qing-Hua Xu¹, Kian Ping Loh^1,*, and T. Venkatesan^3,4,5,*

单位：

¹Department of Chemistry and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore

²Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China

³Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore , 117576, Singapore

⁴NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore , 117576, Singapore

⁵Department of Physics, National University of Singapore , 117576, Singapore

Correspondence to: Dr. Q. Bao (E-mail: qlbao@suda.edu.cn); Prof. K. P. Loh (E-mail: chmlohkp@nus.edu.sg); Prof. T. Venkatesan (E-mail: venky@nus.edu.sg)

摘要：

Graphene photonics offers an unprecedented opportunity to study light�matter interaction involving relativistic particles in an ultrathin two-dimensional plane. The operation of many controllable photonic devices, such as photodetectors, electro-optical modulators, and polarization controllers, is facilitated by wavelength-independent absorption (B = 2.3%) and gate-controllable optical transition. Due to its linear band structure, which allows interband optical transitions at all photon energies, graphene exhibits an extremely large thirdorder optical nonlinearity,χ. As a result, the application of graphene photonics has been extended to multifunctional nonlinear devices such as mode-locked lasers and optical limiters. Recently, the incorporation of graphene to a silicon photonic crystal cavity has been shown to create an effective nonlinear optical device capable of resonant optical switching, egenerative oscillation, and four-wave mixing. In this work, we report on the unexpected observation of optical bistability inmonolayer and bilayer graphene sandwiched inside a Fabry�Perot interferometer.We reconcile this finding with the observation that graphene is restructured by intense laser irradiation to form nanosized bubbles, which give a natural large optical path length because of the side walls. However, will the effect of side walls which are atomically narrow plus diffractive effects give variation over the entire surface? The main discovery in this work attests that the increased dimensionality of graphene nanobubbles is responsible for the observed bistability effect.

影响因子：

新期刊

分区情况：

新期刊

链接：

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ adom.201400529/abstract